The word “gambling” means placing something of value (money, property, etc) on a random event with the intent of winning something else of value. There is an element of risk and a prize in gambling, but there is also consideration and strategy. Gambling is often a part of everyday life, for example placing a bet on a football match or buying a scratchcard, but it can also be an addictive activity that leads to serious problems and harms. The consequences of problem gambling can have a huge impact on families, friends and communities, and can even lead to homelessness and suicide. It can also negatively affect a person’s physical and mental health, relationships with family members, work or study performance, and their finances.
A person can experience gambling in different ways, including online, offline and at social events such as parties. In the UK, over half of the population takes part in some form of gambling, with some finding it enjoyable and others suffering from negative effects such as addiction or loss of control.
Research on the impacts of gambling are conducted at personal, interpersonal, and community/societal levels. Previously, researchers have focused more on the financial impacts of gambling – such as tax revenues and tourism benefits – but the growing focus on the psychological, labour, and health costs of gambling has highlighted the need to expand the research into these areas.
The societal/community level of gambling impacts include effects on quality of life and social cohesion, which are harder to quantify than financial impacts. This is largely due to cultural factors, such as the view of gambling as a normal pastime in some societies, which can make it difficult for people to recognize when their gambling is getting out of hand and seek help.
In addition to strengthening existing support networks, a person who has struggled with problem gambling can learn how to cope in healthier ways. This might include learning to relax, taking up new hobbies and activities, spending time with non-gambling friends or enrolling in a support group such as Gamblers Anonymous. Other ways to cope with unpleasant emotions and boredom include exercising, meditating or practicing relaxation techniques, and making more social connections by joining a sports team or book club, for example. Finally, a person can try to stop gambling by setting money and time limits and never chasing their losses. However, it is important to note that these strategies may not be effective for everyone and are not guaranteed to work. For many, the only way to stop gambling is to go cold turkey. If this is not successful, a person should consult a doctor or psychologist. They can recommend treatment options such as cognitive behavioural therapy and medication to reduce cravings. This will help them regain control over their lives and make healthy choices in the future. In the long term, they will be able to live a happier and more productive life.